The actual pixel size of the images is easily determined by shooting a test section:

Frame from mjpeg taken at 640x480

Tif image taken at 2832x2128

As you can see, the field of view is the same in both images, so the smaller resolution image still uses the whole CCD chip and just drops pixels (meaning the pixel spacing is much larger!).

The large circles on the test pattern have a 0.5mm diameter and 1mm spacing.
The small circles on the test pattern have a 0.25mm diameter and 0.5mm spacing.

By simply drawing a line on each image and counting the pixels:

The resolution of the tif image is 3.6 microns/pixel.

The resolution of the mjpeg image is 16 microns/pixel.

 

I also determined the magnification of the optical setup based on the physical spacing of pixels on the chip, although this has no bearing on the rest of the work.

Click Here to see the details.